Types and Routes of Medications

1. Types of Medications

a. Antibiotics

Antibiotics fight infection.

b. Analgesics

Analgesics control pain.

c. Antihistamines

Antihistamines help with allergies.

d. Antacids

Antacids help with indigestion.

e. Anticoagulants

Anticoagulants prevent blood clots.

f. Psychotropic Medications

Psychotropic Medications interact with the nervous system to fight depression.

g. Diuretics

Diuretics get rid of excess fluids.

h. Laxatives

Laxatives alleviate constipation.

i. Hormones

Hormones like steroids, HRT, the Pill, and Insulin.

j. Cytotoxic Medications

Cytotoxic medications are used to treat some forms of cancer.

2. Routes of Medications

a. Inhalers

Inhalers support individuals with Asthma and are prescribed by the GP. They are inserted into the mouth for ease of inhalation.

b. Nasal Sprays

Nasal sprays are inserted into the nasal passage and dispense medication when the top is pushed down.

c. Eye Drops and Ointments

Eye drops and ointments are prescribed by the GP and administered differently. Drops are inserted into the bottom lid, while ointments are applied from the inside to the outside on the bottom lid.

d. Oral Tablets

Oral tablets come in various shapes and sizes and are commonly administered either in blister packs or bottles.

e. Injections

Some medications can be injected either into a vein, a muscle, or infused via a drip.

f. Topical Treatments

Topical treatments include lotions, creams, and ointments.

g. Suppositories and Pessaries

Suppositories are inserted into the rectum, while pessaries are inserted into the vagina.